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MA Diplomacy

  • Year of entry
    2023/24
  • Course duration
    Full Time:  12 months Part Time: 24 months
  • Year of entry
    2023/24
  • Course duration
    Full Time:  12 months Part Time: 24 months

Study the relations and transactions between states, the international system, and the implementation of foreign policy with our MA Diplomacy programme.

Diplomacy is a constantly evolving phenomenon. Not only is an ever-growing range of actors involved, but the tools, means and methods of diplomacy are becoming increasingly varied. 

Contemporary challenges – including financial and economic crises, terrorism and armed conflict, a changing balance of power among countries, climate change, and global health crises – are expanding the range of transnational issues that require global cooperation. 

At the University of Reading, our programme provides you with:

  • detailed knowledge of the main concepts and theories of international diplomacy and of key contemporary episodes in international diplomacy.
  • in-depth understanding of the range of diplomatic actors, tools and challenges that exist in today’s world.
  • skills to critically analyse the cooperation and conflict that characterise international diplomatic transactions and interactions and to develop your own arguments.
  • a range of practical skills relating to contemporary diplomatic practice, including negotiation, influencing and policy engagement.

Advance your expertise in contemporary diplomacy

Gain knowledge of the main actors involved in, issues addressed by, and tools and methods used in, contemporary diplomacy. You’ll consider entities ranging from ‘traditional’ diplomatic actors, like states and foreign ministries, to actors not historically considered diplomats but who have significant influence on foreign policy, including NGOs, individuals and corporations. 

You’ll examine the range of issues addressed by diplomacy and how this is changing as the world becomes more interconnected and networked. In addition, you’ll examine the range of tools and techniques available to diplomats, including:

  • coercive diplomacy
  • public diplomacy
  • digital diplomacy
  • lobbying and influencing
  • negotiation and mediation.

Learn from experts

Benefit from the direct and substantial input of current and former diplomats. This not only enables you to test theories of diplomacy against actual practice, but to develop diplomatic skills through a range of practical exercises. It also offers opportunities for networking and interacting with diplomats, further developing your employability prospects.

Step into a diplomat’s shoes

Gain ‘first-hand’ experience as a diplomat, through a range of in-class exercises, simulations and written policy-oriented assignments. These are reinforced by direct input from highly-experienced current and former diplomats, providing you with the opportunity to engage significantly with the actual diplomatic practice.

Develop key employability skills

You’ll acquire a wide range of academic analytical skills. These include: the ability to develop coherent, convincing arguments; the ability to test arguments rigorously through the application of appropriate social sciences methods; and practical skills used in diplomacy through in-class exercises, interaction with current and former diplomats, group work, and assessments.

Our MA Diplomacy programme will also support you to become confident in oral and written communication, as our modules are taught in small-group seminars. Additionally, you’ll acquire strong presentation, essay writing and teamwork skills.

Benefit from research training

As part of your degree, you'll complete a research dissertation in an area of personal interest. It's an opportunity for you to conduct independent research, supervised by an expert, and to contribute new insights to the current scholarly debate. 

The Qualitative Research Methods module will provide you with a solid grounding in a range of qualitative methods used in social science research. You’ll learn how to identify and frame research questions, gather and analyse relevant data, and apply a variety of different methods in your own research.

Learn more about our experts.

Department of Politics and International Relations at University of Reading

  • Recognised for research quality: 97% of our research outputs are rated ‘world leading’ or ‘internationally excellent’, meaning that the University of Reading is 6th highest in the UK for research outputs (Times Higher Education analysis of the latest REF 2021 – Politics and International Studies, when scoring by GPA Output)
  • Wide-ranging expertise: Our areas of strength include Applied Political Theory, Comparative Politics, Public Policy Analysis, Conflict, Security, Strategy and International Relations. 
  • Research-led, relevant teaching: Our academics regularly feature in academic literature and the media, offering their expertise on current issues.  Learn more about how we engage in real-world politics.
  • Exciting optional modules: Across all of our master's degrees, you’ll have the flexibility to study the subjects you're most passionate about.
  • Wide variety of teaching and assessment methods: Teaching primarily occurs through small discussion-based seminars, supplemented by lectures and other activities. Assessments range from traditional essays and oral presentations to various ‘real-world’ assignments such as policy papers.

Overview

Study the relations and transactions between states, the international system, and the implementation of foreign policy with our MA Diplomacy programme.

Diplomacy is a constantly evolving phenomenon. Not only is an ever-growing range of actors involved, but the tools, means and methods of diplomacy are becoming increasingly varied. 

Contemporary challenges – including financial and economic crises, terrorism and armed conflict, a changing balance of power among countries, climate change, and global health crises – are expanding the range of transnational issues that require global cooperation. 

At the University of Reading, our programme provides you with:

  • detailed knowledge of the main concepts and theories of international diplomacy and of key contemporary episodes in international diplomacy.
  • in-depth understanding of the range of diplomatic actors, tools and challenges that exist in today’s world.
  • skills to critically analyse the cooperation and conflict that characterise international diplomatic transactions and interactions and to develop your own arguments.
  • a range of practical skills relating to contemporary diplomatic practice, including negotiation, influencing and policy engagement.

Advance your expertise in contemporary diplomacy

Gain knowledge of the main actors involved in, issues addressed by, and tools and methods used in, contemporary diplomacy. You’ll consider entities ranging from ‘traditional’ diplomatic actors, like states and foreign ministries, to actors not historically considered diplomats but who have significant influence on foreign policy, including NGOs, individuals and corporations. 

You’ll examine the range of issues addressed by diplomacy and how this is changing as the world becomes more interconnected and networked. In addition, you’ll examine the range of tools and techniques available to diplomats, including:

  • coercive diplomacy
  • public diplomacy
  • digital diplomacy
  • lobbying and influencing
  • negotiation and mediation.

Learn from experts

Benefit from the direct and substantial input of current and former diplomats. This not only enables you to test theories of diplomacy against actual practice, but to develop diplomatic skills through a range of practical exercises. It also offers opportunities for networking and interacting with diplomats, further developing your employability prospects.

Step into a diplomat’s shoes

Gain ‘first-hand’ experience as a diplomat, through a range of in-class exercises, simulations and written policy-oriented assignments. These are reinforced by direct input from highly-experienced current and former diplomats, providing you with the opportunity to engage significantly with the actual diplomatic practice.

Develop key employability skills

You’ll acquire a wide range of academic analytical skills. These include: the ability to develop coherent, convincing arguments; the ability to test arguments rigorously through the application of appropriate social sciences methods; and practical skills used in diplomacy through in-class exercises, interaction with current and former diplomats, group work, and assessments.

Our MA Diplomacy programme will also support you to become confident in oral and written communication, as our modules are taught in small-group seminars. Additionally, you’ll acquire strong presentation, essay writing and teamwork skills.

Benefit from research training

As part of your degree, you'll complete a research dissertation in an area of personal interest. It's an opportunity for you to conduct independent research, supervised by an expert, and to contribute new insights to the current scholarly debate. 

The Qualitative Research Methods module will provide you with a solid grounding in a range of qualitative methods used in social science research. You’ll learn how to identify and frame research questions, gather and analyse relevant data, and apply a variety of different methods in your own research.

Learn more about our experts.

Department of Politics and International Relations at University of Reading

  • Recognised for research quality: 97% of our research outputs are rated ‘world leading’ or ‘internationally excellent’, meaning that the University of Reading is 6th highest in the UK for research outputs (Times Higher Education analysis of the latest REF 2021 – Politics and International Studies, when scoring by GPA Output)
  • Wide-ranging expertise: Our areas of strength include Applied Political Theory, Comparative Politics, Public Policy Analysis, Conflict, Security, Strategy and International Relations. 
  • Research-led, relevant teaching: Our academics regularly feature in academic literature and the media, offering their expertise on current issues.  Learn more about how we engage in real-world politics.
  • Exciting optional modules: Across all of our master's degrees, you’ll have the flexibility to study the subjects you're most passionate about.
  • Wide variety of teaching and assessment methods: Teaching primarily occurs through small discussion-based seminars, supplemented by lectures and other activities. Assessments range from traditional essays and oral presentations to various ‘real-world’ assignments such as policy papers.

Entry requirements

IELTS: 6.5 overall with no element less than 5.5 (or equivalent).

Entry requirements: Normally a good undergraduate honours degree (high 2.2 level or above), or equivalent from a university outside the UK. All of our programmes are appropriate for students from any disciplinary background, although a degree in politics, economics, international relations is preferred. Relevant work experience may also be taken into account.

Pre-sessional English language programme

If you need to improve your English language score, you can take a pre-sessional English course prior to entry onto your degree.

  • Find out the English language requirements for our courses and our pre-sessional English programme

Structure

  • Year 1

Compulsory modules include:

X

Module details


Title:

Advanced Academic Skills

Code:

PIM1

Convenor:

DR Kerry Goettlich

Summary:

This module will introduce new students, especially those studying in the UK for the first time, to the academic expectations associated with postgraduate study.  It will identify common challenges, suggest strategies for overcoming them, and facilitate the development of advanced study skills.  In particular, it will focus on the requirements for successful academic writing at postgraduate level.  It will also identify the key sources of support available to postgraduate students at the University of Reading.

Assessment Method:

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

Dissertation

Code:

PIM12

Convenor:

PROF Alan Cromartie

Summary:

To develop students' capacity for independent research and critical analysis; to deepen their knowledge of a specialised topic within their programme of study; to develop their ability to write an extended piece of analysis; to develop their ability to generate and complete an extended piece of research.

Assessment Method:

Dissertation 100%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

Contemporary Diplomacy

Code:

PIM66

Convenor:

DR Sarah Von Billerbeck

Summary:

This module aims to provide students with an understanding of concepts and practices of contemporary diplomacy. It introduces key concepts in international diplomacy, shows the evolution of diplomatic practice since the Second World War across a range of actors, including states, international organisations, and non-state actors, and the application of different types of diplomacy, including public diplomacy, digital diplomacy and coercive diplomacy. The module aims to provide an understanding of ideas and concepts relating to diplomacy, the way diplomacy relates to the complex process of policymaking, both domestic and international, and how these measure up against actual diplomatic practice, explained by practitioners. Students will become familiar with key academic works on the subject, to give them the conceptual analytical tools to study international diplomacy. The course will also normally have an input from current and former diplomats or other civil servants  and includes a practical section in which students get to ‘be the diplomats’ by engaging in a series of hands-on exercises and simulations.

Assessment Method:

Assignment 50%, Practical 20%, Oral 30%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

Introduction to Qualitative research methods in Politics and International Relations

Code:

PIM85

Convenor:

DR Joseph O' Mahoney

Summary:

This module covers the basics of research design and focuses attention on a range of widely used qualitative research methods in the study of politics and international relations. The main topics covered normally include case studies and within-case analysis or process-tracing, small-n comparative analysis, historical approaches, archival research, interview technique, critical discourse analysis, ethnographic methods and qualitative comparative analysis. 

Assessment Method:

Assignment 60%, Portfolio 40%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

Code Module Convenor
PIM1 Advanced Academic Skills DR Kerry Goettlich
PIM12 Dissertation PROF Alan Cromartie
PIM66 Contemporary Diplomacy DR Sarah Von Billerbeck
PIM85 Introduction to Qualitative research methods in Politics and International Relations DR Joseph O' Mahoney

Optional modules include:

X

Module details


Title:

NATO Strategy during and after the Cold War

Code:

PIM100

Convenor:

DR Kenton White

Summary:

This module focusses on NATO’s Strategic Concepts which have developed since NATO was formed in 1949. Defence against the Soviet Union was the stated aim of NATO during the Cold War, but how has that aim changed with the dissolution of the Soviet Union? What were the consequences of the ‘New World Order’ for NATO following the Soviet Union’s break-up? The validity, applicability and practicality of the strategic concepts will be analysed in the context of the prevailing security environments. The current remodelling of NATO’s security concept will be considered in light of the renewal of immediate threats to it border in Eastern Europe. Where necessary the module draws on historical examples to illustrate the concepts and their applicability.

Assessment Method:

Assignment 90%, Oral 10%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

Politics of Public Policy

Code:

PIM49

Convenor:

DR David Marshall

Summary:

This module introduces students to the nature of the processes through which policy decisions are made and implemented. It considers how these vary across policy areas and policy-making venues.

Assessment Method:

Assignment 40%, Oral 10%, Report 50%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

Philosophical Issues in the Social Sciences

Code:

PIM54

Convenor:

PROF Alan Cromartie

Summary:

A research training module for doctoral students and MA students equipping themselves for future doctoral study.  This module provides training on research design alongside theoretical and philosophical perspectives on research in the social sciences.

Assessment Method:

Assignment 60%, Report 40%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

International Relations Theory

Code:

PIM63

Convenor:

DR Amanda Hall

Summary:

The module introduces students to the advanced study of International Relations through a survey of the principal theoretical approaches employed in the academic discipline of International Relations.

Assessment Method:

Assignment 100%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

International Security Studies

Code:

PIM64

Convenor:

DR Andreas Behnke

Summary:

This module introduces students to concepts and issues of international security with a particular focus on the changing logic of security in the post-cold war era.

Assessment Method:

Assignment 100%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

Strategic Studies

Code:

PIM65

Convenor:

DR Kerry Goettlich

Summary:

This module is a graduate-level introduction to Strategic Studies, the study of the relationship between political aims and organized violence, covering both the tradition and current debates. With an eye to the latest developments in contemporary warfare, it asks fundamental questions about the nature and purpose of war. Is war purely a means to an end, or does it have its own nature? Is there such a thing as a ‘just war’? How does warfare change historically? Is counterinsurgency a strategy or an ideology? What, if anything, do technologies such as airplanes, nuclear weapons, and cyberweapons really change about war? Is grand strategy possible, and does it offer anything to a post-Brexit UK?

Assessment Method:

Assignment 50%, Oral 10%, Project 40%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

Terrorism in a Globalising World

Code:

PIM74

Convenor:

DR Christina Hellmich

Summary:

This course examines central issues and theoretical dimensions in the study of terrorism in a globalising world, including the complex nature of asymmetrical conflict, the evolution of different terrorism types, the internationalisation of terrorism, the phenomenon of suicide attacks, challenges to counter-terrorism and the ongoing war against terror. Particular emphasis is placed on developing interdisciplinary perspectives and critical approaches to the issues discussed.

Assessment Method:

Assignment 100%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

Introduction to Quantitative research methods in Politics and International Relations

Code:

PIM86

Convenor:

DR Jonathan Golub

Summary:

The purpose of this module is to introduce students to the basics of research design and a number of the principal quantitative methods used in political science and international relations. The course discusses the best practice for the collection and analysis of information about human behaviour and institutions. To help students understand and apply research methods, the discussion and many of the examples used in the module will be taken from existing quantitative research in international relations, comparative politics and public policy. Students are then required to test hypotheses using the methods they have learned in the course. 

Assessment Method:

Assignment 50%, Class test 50%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

Worlding International Relations

Code:

PIM93

Convenor:

DR Andreas Behnke

Summary:

This module is directed to students interested in the history and current development of International Relations. It addresses the challenges formulated in diverse parts of the world to the Western dominance of the field of International Relations. Focusing on how central concept of IR are understood in different parts of the world, the module investigates how scholars from around the world think about central concepts such as sovereignty, the state, war, peace, religion and ‘the international’. Highlighting the conceptual differences in non-Western approaches, the module casts light on their implication for IR and the study of world politics.

Assessment Method:

Assignment 100%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

Building Peace

Code:

PIM94

Convenor:

DR Sarah Von Billerbeck

Summary:

Building peace in fragile and conflict-affected states is one of the major challenges of contemporary security and development policy. Donor states, UN peacekeepers, and multilateral institutions are not only engaged in a growing number of fragile states, but their involvement also extends deeper into the domestic politics of these states than in the past.

In this module, we will evaluate different approaches to building peace in fragile and conflict-affected states, and examine the record of peace- and statebuilding operations. We will look both at different approaches to and elements of peacebuilding, such as post-conflict institution building or security sector reform, the different actors involved in these activities, and particular cases of peace- and statebuilding, such as Kosovo, DR Congo, or Liberia. 

Assessment Method:

Assignment 40%, Oral 30%, Report 30%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

X

Module details


Title:

Law of Armed Conflict (International Humanitarian Law)

Code:

LWMTAC

Convenor:

DR Saeed Bagheri

Summary:

The law of armed conflict (LOAC) (also known as ‘international humanitarian law’) concerns a major substantive area of public international law (the jus in bello). It examines issues including the legal protections for injured or captured combatants and civilians, the rules as to how warfare is to be conducted, such as the prohibition of or restrictions on the use of certain weapons and rules on targeting, and the law of occupation. It also offers introductions into cutting-edge areas including displacement and complex emergencies in armed conflict. The module offers a unique insight into some of the most controversial and fundamental aspects of the modern international legal order and their manifestations in practice (such as the law applicable to so-called ‘modern’ conflicts between States and transnational non-State armed groups or the occupation of the Palestinian Territories). The module essentially asks how – in what manner – war must be fought in the modern world. This question is assessed through both abstract examination of the law and through detailed real world case studies. This module is designed to complement the LWMTUF International Law and the Use of Military Force module, which considers the rules of international law applicable to initial uses of military force in the international sphere, prior to an armed conflict emerging (the ius ad bellum). However, the modules can also be taken wholly independently.

Assessment Method:

Assignment 100%

Disclaimer:

The modules described on this page are what we currently offer. Modules may change for your year of study as we regularly review our offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

Code Module Convenor
PIM100 NATO Strategy during and after the Cold War DR Kenton White
PIM49 Politics of Public Policy DR David Marshall
PIM54 Philosophical Issues in the Social Sciences PROF Alan Cromartie
PIM63 International Relations Theory DR Amanda Hall
PIM64 International Security Studies DR Andreas Behnke
PIM65 Strategic Studies DR Kerry Goettlich
PIM74 Terrorism in a Globalising World DR Christina Hellmich
PIM86 Introduction to Quantitative research methods in Politics and International Relations DR Jonathan Golub
PIM93 Worlding International Relations DR Andreas Behnke
PIM94 Building Peace DR Sarah Von Billerbeck
LWMTAC Law of Armed Conflict (International Humanitarian Law) DR Saeed Bagheri

These are the modules that we currently offer. They may change for your year of study as we regularly review our module offerings to ensure they’re informed by the latest research and teaching methods.

Fees

New UK/Republic of Ireland students: £10,500

New international students: £21,350

Tuition fee information

The fees listed are for full-time study, unless otherwise stated. Fee information will be confirmed in offer letters sent out to successful applicants. You can find further information, including information for part-time study, through our dedicated fees and funding page.

EU student fees

With effect from 1 August 2021, new EU students will pay international tuition fees. For exceptions, please read the UK government’s guidance for EU students.

Additional costs

Some courses will require additional payments for field trips and extra resources. You will also need to budget for your accommodation and living costs. See our information on living costs for more details.

Financial support for your studies

You may be eligible for a scholarship or bursary to help pay for your study. Students from the UK may also be eligible for a student loan to help cover these costs. See our fees and funding information for more information on what's available.

International students applying to study this degree may also be eligible to apply for a Chevening Scholarship.

Careers

Our graduates move on to a wide range of roles, including:

  • UK ambassadors
  • military officers
  • members of the SAS or intelligence analysts
  • bankers
  • political analyst
  • university lecturers
  • staff college lecturers
  • journalists
  • officials in international organisations
  • police officers.

Others have pursued careers in industry, teaching, local government administration, charitable foundations or parliament.

 

I really enjoyed the Contemporary Diplomacy and Globalising Terrorism modules as they helped me to understand current affairs and were applicable to real-world issues. I also had the opportunity to interact with many former and current officials which gave me great insight into the work of a diplomat. I am now looking forward to working with the Civil Service.

Haidur Asif
MA Diplomacy

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  • Politics and International Relations
  • Strategic Studies
  • War and Peace Studies

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