2010/13

Fattorini and Sons (Manufacturer)

This is an oval brass lapel badge with a coloured enamel front. It shows a plough and has the words ‘National Agricultural Labourers' & Rural Workers' Union’ around the outside. It dates from 1912–1919 and was made by Fattorini & Sons, a jewellery firm in Birmingham and the north of England. The Union was founded in 1906 as the Eastern Counties Agricultural Labourers' and Small Holders' Union, became the National Agricultural Labourers' & Rural Workers' Union in 1912, then the National Union of Agricultural Workers in 1919, and the National Union of Agricultural and Allied Workers in 1968. Today it operates as the rural and agricultural element of Unite.

1 badge: metal (brass), enamel

MERL 'Handwritten accession' form (Museum of English Rural Life) – 'Description: Oval lapel badge, brass with enamelled front. Image of a horse plough in the centre, against a green background. Around the outside are the words: ‘National Agricultural Labourers’ & Rural Workers’ Union’ in gold against a white background. // 1912–19. // Dimensions: 2.6cm across x 1.9cm // Associated information: Purchased as part of the Collecting 20thc Rural Culture project. // This was the name of the Union between 1912 and 1919.', Collecting 20thc Rural Culture blog [Tuesday, 30 March 2010] – ‘Agricultural Workers Union badges, 1910s and 1960s // Periodic name changes to the union representing farm workers eases the task of dating associated material. In this case, the membership lapel badge has its title as the National Agricultural Labourers' & Rural Workers' Union which places it between 1912 and 1919. It was made by Fattorini & Sons, a family dynasty of jewellers and medal makers in Birmingham and the north of England with a pedigree running from the nineteenth century through to the present day. // The NALRWU was the successor body to the Eastern Counties Agricultural Labourers' and Small Holders' Union which was founded in Norfolk in 1906 with the great George Edwards (1850-1933) as its secretary. Going national in 1912 prompted the name change. // Widely scattered in small units, and with accommodation often tied to the job, farm workers have never found it easy to put effective pressure on their employers to improve pay and conditions. A national strike in 1923, following the scrapping of minimum wage agreements, eventually petered out amidst recrimination and little tangible gain. Still, today, an Agricultural Wages Board, with representatives from both sides sets on an annual basis the minimum rates of pay for the six defined grades of farm worker. // The other badge is for the National Union of Agricultural Workers, the name the union adopted in 1919 until 1968 when it became the National Union of Agricultural and Allied Workers. It was produced by the famous badge makers, Frank Cobb & Co of Sheffield, and has the look and feel of the 1960s. // Union membership rose dramatically during and immediately following the Second World War, peaking at a little over 179,000 in 1948. Thereafter, it fell into a steady decline and by 1962 was down to 131,000. The marked shrinkage of the farm labour force, as increased mechanisation took hold, is a defining feature of the countryside in the second half of the century. It meant that a free standing union was less viable, to the point where today it operates as the rural and agriculture element of Unite.’

1912 - 1919

Metal, brass, Enamel