Staff Profile:Professor Chris Reynolds

Name:

Professor Chris Reynolds

Job Title:

Professor of Animal and Dairy Science

Responsibilities:

Areas of Interest:

Research:

Research has focused primarily on the nutritional physiology of ruminants and energy metabolism. Recent research themes include the metabolic and endocrine regulation of appetite, the enhancement of milk and meat fatty acid composition to improve consumer health, and reducing the environmental impact of milk and meat production.

Current research projects are focusing on reducing nitrogen and methane excretion from ruminants and the effects of dairy foods on appetite and body weight in humans. Chris is currently the Dairy and Meat Foods and Health sub-theme leader for the Food Chain and Health Research Theme at Reading. With his collaborators and students previous research has focused on the effects of diet composition on nutrient absorption and metabolism in lactating dairy cows, the role of fats in ruminant rations and their effects on milk and meat composition, and the nutrition and metabolism of transition dairy cows.

Teaching:

Digestion and nutrition, dairy production, environmental impact of animal agriculture.

Affiliations:

Adjunct Faculty Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University

Member of:

• American Society of Animal Science (www.asas.org)
• American Dairy Science Association (www.adsa.org)
• American Society of Nutritional Sciences (www.nutrition.org)
• British Society of Animal Science (www.bsas.org.uk)

Previous Appointments:

Chris previously held appointments as an Associate Professor at the Ohio State University, as a Lecturer and Senior Research Fellow at the University of Reading, and as a Research Animal Scientist in the Ruminant Nutrition Laboratory of the USDA-ARS in Beltsville, MD, USA.

Research groups / Centres:

Publications:

Peer reviewed papers, book chapters and conference proceedings (2002 – 2008):

• Aikman, P. C., Reynolds, C. K., Humphries, D. J., Beever, D. E. and MacRae, J. C. Milk protein response to abomasal or mesenteric vein essential amino acid infusion in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 85, 2002, 1079-1084.
• Benson, J. A., Reynolds, C. K., Aikman, P. C., Lupoli, B. and Beever, D. E.Effects of abomasal long chain fatty acid infusion on splanchnic nutrient metabolism in lactating dairy cows.Journal of Dairy Science 85, 2002, 1804-1814.
• Reynolds, C. K. Economics of visceral nutrient metabolism in ruminants – toll keeping or internal revenue service?Journal of Animal Science, 80, 2002, (E. Suppl. 2):E74-E84.
• Lapierre, H., Blouin, J. P., Bernier, J. F., Reynolds, C. K., Dubreuil, P. and Lobley, G. E.Effect of diet quality on leucine metabolism across splanchnic tissues in lactating dairy cows.Journal of Dairy Science, 85, 2002, 2631-2641.
• Blouin, J. P., Bernier, J. F., Reynolds, C. K., Lobley, G. E., Dubreuil, P. and Lapierre, H.Effect of diet quality on splanchnic fluxes of nutrients and hormones in lactating dairy cows.Journal of Dairy Science, 85, 2002, 2618-2630.
• Reynolds, C. K. and Dewhurst, R. J.The manipulation of ruminant products to improve their health properties. In, L. M. Geche and C. Thomas (eds.), The XIIIth International Silage Conference Proceedings, Scottish Agricultural College, Ayr, UK, 2002, 7-15.
• Reynolds, C. K.The glucose economy of the lactating dairy cow revisited.Proceedings of the Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2002, 187-195.
• Pushpakumara, P. G. A., Gardner, N. H., Reynolds, C. K., Beever, D. E., and Wathes, D. C.Relationships between transition period diet, metabolic parameters and fertility in lactating dairy cows.Theriogenology, 60, 2003, 1165-1185.
• Reynolds, C. K., Aikman, P. C., Lupoli, B., Humphries, D. J., and Beever, D. E. Splanchnic metabolism of dairy cows during the transition from late gestation through early lactation.Journal of Dairy Science, 86, 2003, 1201-1217.
• Kebreab, E., France, J., Agnew, R. E., Yan, T., Dhanoa, M. S., and Reynolds, C. K. Alternatives to linear analysis of energy balance data from lactating dairy cows.Journal of Dairy Science, 86, 2003, 2904-2913.
• Sutton, J. D., and Reynolds, C. K.Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients in the Small Intestine of Lactating Ruminants.In, H. Roginski, P. Fox and J. Fuquay (eds.), Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences, Academic Press, San Diago, 2003, 2120-2127.
• Reynolds, C. K. Nutritional Considerations for Jerseys. Proceedings of the Tri-State Dairy Nutrition Conference, Fort Wayne, IN, 2003, 107-114.
• Reynolds, C. K.Glucose balance in the dairy cow.Proceedings of the Minnesota Nutrition Conference, St. Paul, MN, 2003, 123-134.
• Hanigan, M. D., Crompton, L. A., Reynolds, C. K., Wray-Cahen, D., Lomax, M. A., and France, J.A model of liver nitrogen metabolism in the lactating dairy cow.The Journal of Theoretical Biology, 228, 2004, 271-289.
• Reynolds, C. K.,Dürtz, B., Lupoli, B., Humphries, D. J., and Beever, D. E. Visceral tissue mass and rumen volume in dairy cows during the transition from late gestation to early lactation.Journal of Dairy Science, 87, 2004, 961-971.
• Hanigan, M. D., Reynolds, C. K., Humphries, D. J., Lupoli, B., and Sutton, J. D. A model of net amino acid absorption and utilization by the portal-drained viscera of the cow. Journal of Dairy Science, 87, 2004, 4247-4268.
• Reynolds, C. K. Metabolic consequences of increasing milk yield – revisiting Lorna.In, E. Krebreab, J. Mills, and D. Beever (eds.), Dairying – Using Science to Meet Consumer's Needs, Nottingham University Press, England, 2004, 73-84.
• Maltby, S. A., Reynolds, C. K., Lomax, M. A. and Beever, D. E.Splanchnic metabolism of nitrogenous nutrients and urinary nitrogen excretion in steers fed alfalfa under conditions of increased net absorption of ammonia and L-arginine across the portal-drained viscera.Journal of Animal Science, 83, 2005, 1075-1087.
• Maltby, S. A., Reynolds, C.K., Lomax, M.A. and Beever, D.E. Splanchnic metabolism of non-nitrogenous nutrients and hormones in steers fed alfalfa under conditions of increased net absorption of ammonia and L-arginine across the portal-drained viscera.Journal of Animal Science, 83, 2005, 1088-1096.
• Litherland, N., Thire, S., Beaulieu, A. D., Benson, J. A., Reynolds, C. K., and Drackley, J. K.Dry matter intake is decreased more by abomasal infusion of unsaturated free fatty acids than by unsaturated triglycerides.Journal of Dairy Science, 88, 2005, 632-643.
• Shingfield, K. J., Reynolds, C.K., Lupoli, B., Toivonen, V., Grandison, A.S., Griinari, J.M. and Beever, D.E. Effect of forage type and proportion of concentrate in the diet on milk fatty acid responses to a mixture of sunflower and fish oil. Animal Science, 80, 2005, 225-238.
• Reynolds, C. K. Nitrogen Metabolism by Splanchnic Tissues of Ruminants.In, D. Burrin and H. Merssman (eds.), Biology of Metabolism of Growing Animals, Elsevier Science, Oxford, England, 2005, 197-220.
• Lindsay, D. B. and Reynolds, C. K.Metabolism of the Portal-Drained Viscera.In, J. Dykstra, J. France and M. Forbes (eds.), Quantitative Aspects of Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism, Second Edition, CAB International, Wallingford, England, 2005, 311-344.
• Firkins, J. L. and Reynolds, C. K.Whole Animal Nitrogen Balance in Cattle. In, E. Pfeffer and A. N. Hristov (eds.), Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrition of Cattle and the Environment.CAB International, 2005, 167-186.
• Reynolds, C. K.Glucose balance in cattle.Proceedings of the 2005 Florida Ruminant Nutrition Conference, Gainesville, FL, 2005, 143-154.
• Shingfield, K. J., Reynolds, C. K., Jones, A. K., Lupoli, B., Hervás, G., Griinari, J. M., Grandison, A. S., and Beever, D. E. Examination of the persistency of milk fatty acid composition responses to fish oil and sunflower oil in the diet.Journal of Dairy Science, 89, 2006, 714-732.
• Drackley, J. K., Donkin, S. S., and Reynolds, C. K. Major Advances in Fundamental Animal Nutrition.Journal of Dairy Science (Centennial Edition), 89, 2006, 1324-1336.
• Reynolds, C. K. Production and metabolic effects of site of starch digestion in lactating dairy cattle.Animal Feed Science and Technology, 130, 2006, 78-94.
• Reynolds, C. K., Cannon, V. L., and Loerch, S. C.Effects of forage source and soybean and marine algal oil supplementation on milk fatty acid composition in ewes.Animal Feed Science and Technology, 131, 2006, 333-357.
• Reynolds, C. K.Splanchnic Metabolism of Amino Acids in Ruminants.In, K. Sejrsen, T. Hvelplund, and M. O. Nielsen (eds.)Ruminant Physiology. Digestion, metabolism and impact of nutrition on gene expression, immunology and stress. Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, 2006, 225-248.
• Reynolds, C. K.Production and metabolic effects of site of starch digestion in cattle.Proceedings of the 2006 Pacific Northwest Animal Nutrition Conference, Vancouver, BC, 2006, 55-66.
• Relling, A., and Reynolds, C. K. Plasma concentration of gut peptides increase after calving in dairy cattle.Journal of Dairy Science, 90, 2007, 325-330.
• Relling, A., and Reynolds, C. K. Feeding rumen-inert fats differing in degree of saturation decreases intake and increases plasma concentrations of gut peptides in lactating dairy cows.Journal of Dairy Science, 90, 2007, 1506-1515.
• Reynolds, C. K., Beever, D. E., Steinberg, W., and Packington, A. J. Net nutrient absorption and liver metabolism in lactating dairy cows fed supplemental biotin. Animal, 1, 2007, 375-380.
• Gorocica-Buenfil, M.A., Fluharty, F. L., Reynolds, C. K., and Loerch, S. C.Effect of dietary vitamin A concentration and roasted soybean inclusion on marbling, adipose cellularity, and fatty acid composition of beef.Journal of Animal Science, 85, 2007, 2230-2242.
• Gorocica-Buenfil, M.A., Fluharty, F. L., Reynolds, C. K., and Loerch, S. C.Effect of dietary vitamin A restriction on marbling and conjugated-linoleic acid (CLA) content in Holstein steers.Journal of Animal Science, 85, 2007, 2243-2255.
• Reynolds, C.K., Lilburn, M.S., Velleman, S.G., Cannon, V.L., Lynch, J.A., Bacon, W.L. and Hartzler, D.L. Incremental dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) mixture inclusion has non-linear effects on atherosclerotic lesions in cholesterol-sensitive Japanese quail. Journal of Dairy Science, 90, 2007, 86-87.
• Reynolds, C.K., Beever, D.E., Steinberg, W. and Packington, A.J. Net nutrient absorption and liver metabolism in lactating dairy cows fed supplemental dietary biotin. Animal, 1, 2007, 375-380.
• Reynolds, C.K. and Kristensen, N.B. Nitrogen recycling through the gut and the nitrogen economy of ruminants: An asynchronous symbiosis. Journal of Animal Science, 86, 2008, E293-305E.
• Winkelman, L.A., Lucy, M.C., Elsasser, T.H., Pate, J.L. and Reynolds, C.K. Short communication: Suppressor of cytokine signaling-2 mRNA increases after parturition in the liver of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 91, 2008, 1080-1086.
• Winkelman, L.A., Elsasser, T.H. and Reynolds, C.K. Limit-feeding a high-energy diet to meet energy requirements in the dry period alters plasma metabolite concentrations but does not affect intake or milk production in early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science, 91, 2008, 1067-1079.
• Relling, A.E. and Reynolds, C.K. Abomasal infusion of casein, starch and soybean oil differentially affect plasma concentrations of gut peptides and feed intake in lactating dairy cows. Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 35, 2008, 35-45.
• Aikman, P.C., Reynolds, C.K. and Beever, D.E. Diet digestibility, rate of passage, and eating and rumination behavior of Jersey and Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 91, 2008, 1103-1114.

Qualifications:

Educational background includes a B.S. (Animal Science) from the University of Tennessee at Martin and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees (Ruminant Nutrition) from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville.